Which three elements are integrated in evidence-based practice for athletic training?

• A. Best available research, clinical expertise, and athlete/patient values and preferences
• B. Best available research and clinical expertise only
• C. Clinical expertise and athlete values only
• D. Best available research only

Answer: (A)

Evidence-based practice in athletic training blends three elements: best available research, clinical expertise, and athlete values and preferences. The research provides rigorous evidence about what tends to work across populations. Clinical expertise brings hands-on experience and judgment to interpret that evidence and apply it to the individual athlete’s condition, setting, and resources. Athlete values and preferences ensure that goals, risks, and treatment choices align with what the athlete is willing and able to undertake, improving adherence and satisfaction.

For example, when deciding on a return-to-sport plan after a sprain, you weigh high-quality rehab evidence, rely on your experience with progressing loads and timelines, and discuss with the athlete how their sport demands and personal goals influence the pace and risk they’re willing to accept. Leaving out any one pillar can lead to decisions that are not appropriately tailored, not sufficiently evidence-based, or misaligned with the athlete’s priorities. Together, these elements create care that is scientifically sound, practically feasible, and personally acceptable.